PRODUCT DESCRIPTION ROYAL CANIN Renal is scientifically formulated to support renal function in cases of chronic kidney disease. Recommended for (indications): Chronic kidney disease (CKD), management of calcium oxalate urolith recurrence in cats with impaired renal function, prevention of recurrence of urolithiasis requiring urine alkalinisation (urate and cystine uroliths). Not recommended for (contraindications): Pregnancy, lactation and growth. THE BENEFITS CKD dietary management : Formulated to support renal function in case of chronic kidney disease. Contains EPA and DHA, a complex of antioxidants and a low phosphorus level. During CKD, phosphorus is no longer eliminated effectively by the kidneys. A restriction in phosphorus intake is essential to slow down the development of renal disease. Feeding a diet with an adapted fish oil (source of EPA/DHA) content may help to improve the glomerular filtration rate. Renal support : Increased kidney workload may induce uremic crisis. An adapted content of high quality protein helps reduce kidney workload. Feeding protein well in excess of the minimum requirements leads to the generation of nitrogen waste products, which accumulate in body fluids when renal excretory capacities are reduced. Metabolic equilibrium : Chronic kidney disease can lead to metabolic acidosis. Formulated with alkalinizing agents. The kidneys are central to the maintenance of acid base balance. As renal function declines, the capacity to excrete hydrogen ions and reabsorb bicarbonate ions is reduced and metabolic acidosis ensues. Appetite preference : The specifically designed aromatic profile helps to meet the cat's specific preference. Appetite issues, including food aversion, anorexia and hyporexia are common in cats with CKD.